Metrics

How Forecast Confidence Is Calculated

What the confidence score means and how ensemble spread drives it.


The confidence score reflects how much the underlying weather models agree with each other. When models converge on a similar outcome, confidence is high; when they diverge, confidence drops.

Ensemble spread

We compare the ECMWF ensemble mean against the spread (standard deviation) of its members, cross-referenced with the NOAA WW3 model. A tight spread means the models are confident; a wide spread signals uncertainty.

Using confidence in practice

  • High confidence: the forecast is reliable, plan around it.
  • Moderate confidence: check back closer to the day for updates.
  • Low confidence: treat the forecast as a rough outlook only.